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Maurice de Hirsch
Maurice (Zvi) von Hirsch (9 December 1831 – 21 April 1896) was a German Jewish philanthropist who set up charitable foundations to promote Jewish education and improve the lot of oppressed European Jewry. He was the founder of the Jewish Colonization Association which sponsored large-scale Jewish immigration to Argentina.
==Biography==
Maurice von Hirsch was born on 9 December 1831 in Munich. His grandfather, the first Jewish landowner in Bavaria, was ennobled with the appellation "auf Gereuth" in 1818; his father, who was banker to the Bavarian king, was created a baron in 1869. For generations, the family occupied a prominent position in the German Jewish community. At the age of thirteen, Hirsch was sent to Brussels to school. He went into business at the age of seventeen. In 1855 he became associated with the banking house of Bischoffsheim & Goldschmidt, of Brussels, London and Paris. He amassed a large fortune, which he increased by purchasing and working railway concessions in Austria, Turkey and the Balkans, and by speculations in sugar and copper. His best known railway venture was the Chemins de fer Orientaux, a visionary railway project intended to link Vienna to Istanbul. He lived in great splendour in Paris, where he owned a town house on rue de l'Elysée and the Château de Beauregard. He also had residences in London, Hungary and today Czech Republic (Veveří, Rosice)
Baron von Hirsch married on June 28, 1855 Clara Bischoffsheim (born 1833), daughter of Jonathan-Raphaël Bischoffsheim of Brussels, by whom he had a son and daughter.
Maurice von Hirsch died at Stará Ďala near Komárno (Slovakia, then Hungary) on April 21, 1896. The baroness, seconded her husband's charitable work with great munificence — their total benefactions have been estimated at £18,000,000. She died at Paris on April 1, 1899 leaving the remaining family assets to her adopted son, father of Belgium business mogul Maurice de Forest (later titled Count of Bendern). Maurice von Hirsch was amongst the top 5 richest individuals in Europe at the time.
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